Trauma

Children are impacted by trauma in a myriad of ways. The National Association of School Psychologists provides guidance in supporting students who are experiencing trauma.

What to Do

• Adults can help reestablish security and stability for these children in a number of ways.
• Recognize and be sensitive to the fact that problem behaviors can be the manifestation of trauma-related anxiety.
• Help children manage their feelings by teaching and modeling effective coping strategies.
• Answer children's questions related to the traumatic event(s) in honest, developmentally appropriate language and terms.
• Create clear and concrete safety plans with the child.
• Engage them in activities that stimulate the mind and body.
• Expand their "feelings" vocabulary so they can more easily express themselves.
• Promote family activities to bring them closer to the ones they love.
• Maintain usual routines.
• Watch for changes in behaviors.
• Allow children to tell the story of the trauma they experienced, as they see it, so they can begin to release their emotions and make sense of what happened.
• Respond calmly and compassionately, but without displaying shock or judgment.
• Reassure children that the adults in their life are working to keep them safe.
• Set boundaries and limits with consistency and patience.
• Remind them repeatedly how much you care for them.
• Give them choices to regain a sense of control.
• Encourage and support them.
• Anticipate challenging times or situations that may be reminders of the event and provide additional support.
• Provide children who are acting out with opportunities to redirect their energy in a helpful way such as giving them additional responsibilities or leadership roles.